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Sebastián Ramírez
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com"><img src="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-margin-vector.svg" alt="SQLModel"></a>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<em>SQLModel, SQL databases in Python, designed for simplicity, compatibility, and robustness.</em>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel/actions?query=workflow%3ATest" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel/workflows/Test/badge.svg" alt="Test">
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</a>
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<a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel/actions?query=workflow%3APublish" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel/workflows/Publish/badge.svg" alt="Publish">
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</a>
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<a href="https://codecov.io/gh/tiangolo/sqlmodel" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/tiangolo/sqlmodel?color=%2334D058" alt="Coverage">
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</a>
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<a href="https://pypi.org/project/sqlmodel" target="_blank">
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<img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/sqlmodel?color=%2334D058&label=pypi%20package" alt="Package version">
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</a>
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</p>
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---
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**Documentation**: <a href="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com" target="_blank">https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com</a>
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**Source Code**: <a href="https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel" target="_blank">https://github.com/tiangolo/sqlmodel</a>
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---
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SQLModel is a library for interacting with <abbr title='Also called "Relational databases"'>SQL databases</abbr> from Python code, with Python objects. It is designed to be intuitive, easy to use, highly compatible, and robust.
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**SQLModel** is based on Python type annotations, and powered by <a href="https://pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> and <a href="https://sqlalchemy.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">SQLAlchemy</a>.
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The key features are:
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* **Intuitive to write**: Great editor support. <abbr title="also known as auto-complete, autocompletion, IntelliSense">Completion</abbr> everywhere. Less time debugging. Designed to be easy to use and learn. Less time reading docs.
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* **Easy to use**: It has sensible defaults and does a lot of work underneath to simplify the code you write.
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* **Compatible**: It is designed to be compatible with **FastAPI**, Pydantic, and SQLAlchemy.
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* **Extensible**: You have all the power of SQLAlchemy and Pydantic underneath.
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* **Short**: Minimize code duplication. A single type annotation does a lot of work. No need to duplicate models in SQLAlchemy and Pydantic.
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## SQL Databases in FastAPI
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<a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com" target="_blank"><img src="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/logo-margin/logo-teal.png" style="width: 20%;"></a>
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**SQLModel** is designed to simplify interacting with SQL databases in <a href="https://fastapi.tiangolo.com" class="external-link" target="_blank">FastAPI</a> applications, it was created by the same <a href="https://tiangolo.com/" class="external-link" target="_blank">author</a>. 😁
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It combines SQLAlchemy and Pydantic and tries to simplify the code you write as much as possible, allowing you to reduce the **code duplication to a minimum**, but while getting the **best developer experience** possible.
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**SQLModel** is, in fact, a thin layer on top of **Pydantic** and **SQLAlchemy**, carefully designed to be compatible with both.
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## Requirements
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A recent and currently supported version of Python (right now, <a href="https://www.python.org/downloads/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Python supports versions 3.6 and above</a>).
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As **SQLModel** is based on **Pydantic** and **SQLAlchemy**, it requires them. They will be automatically installed when you install SQLModel.
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## Installation
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<div class="termy">
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```console
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$ pip install sqlmodel
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---> 100%
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Successfully installed sqlmodel
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```
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</div>
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## Example
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For an introduction to databases, SQL, and everything else, see the <a href="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com" target="_blank">SQLModel documentation</a>.
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Here's a quick example. ✨
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### A SQL Table
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Imagine you have a SQL table called `hero` with:
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* `id`
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* `name`
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* `secret_name`
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* `age`
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And you want it to have this data:
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| id | name | secret_name | age |
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-----|------|-------------|------|
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| 1 | Deadpond | Dive Wilson | null |
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| 2 | Spider-Boy | Pedro Parqueador | null |
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| 3 | Rusty-Man | Tommy Sharp | 48 |
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### Create a SQLModel Model
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Then you could create a **SQLModel** model like this:
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```Python
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from typing import Optional
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from sqlmodel import Field, SQLModel
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class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
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id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
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name: str
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secret_name: str
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age: Optional[int] = None
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```
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That class `Hero` is a **SQLModel** model, the equivalent of a SQL table in Python code.
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And each of those class attributes is equivalent to each **table column**.
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### Create Rows
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Then you could **create each row** of the table as an **instance** of the model:
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```Python
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hero_1 = Hero(name="Deadpond", secret_name="Dive Wilson")
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hero_2 = Hero(name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador")
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hero_3 = Hero(name="Rusty-Man", secret_name="Tommy Sharp", age=48)
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```
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This way, you can use conventional Python code with **classes** and **instances** that represent **tables** and **rows**, and that way communicate with the **SQL database**.
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### Editor Support
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Everything is designed for you to get the best developer experience possible, with the best editor support.
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Including **autocompletion**:
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<img class="shadow" src="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/img/index/autocompletion01.png">
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And **inline errors**:
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<img class="shadow" src="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/img/index/inline-errors01.png">
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### Write to the Database
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You can learn a lot more about **SQLModel** by quickly following the **tutorial**, but if you need a taste right now of how to put all that together and save to the database, you can do this:
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```Python hl_lines="18 21 23-27"
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from typing import Optional
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from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
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class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
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id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
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name: str
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secret_name: str
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age: Optional[int] = None
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hero_1 = Hero(name="Deadpond", secret_name="Dive Wilson")
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hero_2 = Hero(name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador")
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hero_3 = Hero(name="Rusty-Man", secret_name="Tommy Sharp", age=48)
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engine = create_engine("sqlite:///database.db")
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SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
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with Session(engine) as session:
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session.add(hero_1)
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session.add(hero_2)
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session.add(hero_3)
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session.commit()
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```
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That will save a **SQLite** database with the 3 heroes.
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### Select from the Database
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Then you could write queries to select from that same database, for example with:
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```Python hl_lines="15-18"
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from typing import Optional
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from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select
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class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
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id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
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name: str
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secret_name: str
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age: Optional[int] = None
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engine = create_engine("sqlite:///database.db")
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with Session(engine) as session:
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statement = select(Hero).where(Hero.name == "Spider-Boy")
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hero = session.exec(statement).first()
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print(hero)
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```
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### Editor Support Everywhere
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**SQLModel** was carefully designed to give you the best developer experience and editor support, **even after selecting data** from the database:
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<img class="shadow" src="https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/img/index/autocompletion02.png">
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## SQLAlchemy and Pydantic
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That class `Hero` is a **SQLModel** model.
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But at the same time, ✨ it is a **SQLAlchemy** model ✨. So, you can combine it and use it with other SQLAlchemy models, or you could easily migrate applications with SQLAlchemy to **SQLModel**.
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And at the same time, ✨ it is also a **Pydantic** model ✨. You can use inheritance with it to define all your **data models** while avoiding code duplication. That makes it very easy to use with **FastAPI**.
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## License
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This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
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